tryhackme: DNS in Detail: Domain Hierarchy

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 Domain Hierarchy is made of three parts: 


1. Root Domain 

2. Top-Level Domains 

3. Second-Level Domains

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- TLD(Top-Level Domain)


A TLD is the most righthand part of a domain name. 


Two types of TLD:

- gTLD: Generic Top Level 


- ccTLD: Country Code Top Level Domain 



* A gTLD was meant to tell the user the domain name's purpose


example:

.com would be for commercial purposes 


.org for an organization 


.edu for education 


.gov for government 


* A ccTLD was used for geographical purposes


example: 

.ca for sites based in Canada


.co.uk for sites based in the United Kingdom 


.co.lb for sited based in Lebanon 


There s new gTLDs raging from .online .club .website .biz .xyz ... etc 


For a full list of over 2000 TLDs => https://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt

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- SLD(Second-Level Domain)


www.google.com 

=> .com part is the TLD

=> google is the Second Level Domain


* The ssecond-level domain is limited to 63 characters + the TLD and can only use a-z 0-9 and hyphens (-) and the naming cannot start or end with hyphens, or have consecutive hyphens.

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- SD(Subdomain)


A Subdomain sits on the left-ahnd side of the Second-Level domain, using a period to separate.


example: admin.website.com 


=> the admin part is the subdomain


NB: A subdomain name has the same creation restrictions as a Second-Level domain 


- A website can have multiple domains split with periods to create longer names

example: client.server.website.com 


- The length must be kept to 253 characters or less. 

- There is no limit to the number of subdomains a website can have for its domain name.

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Thanks for reading,

Roger

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