tryhackme: HTTP in detail: Making Requests / Requests And Responses.
1. Make a GET request to /room
=>
GET /room HTTP/1.1
Host: tryhackme.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Firefox/87.0
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2. Make a GET request to /blog, set the id parameter to 1
=>
GET /blog?id=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: tryhackme.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Firefox/87.0
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Make a DELETE request to /user/1
=>
DELETE /user/1 HTTP/1.1
Host: tryhackme.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Firefox/87.0
Content-Length: 0
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Make a PUT request to /user/2 with the username parameter set to admin
=>
PUT /user/2 HTTP/1.1
Host: tryhackme.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Firefox/87.0
Content-Length: 14
username=admin
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POST the username of thm and a password of letmein to /login
=>
POST /login HTTP/1.1
Host: tryhackme.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Firefox/87.0
Content-Length: 33
username=thm&password=letmein
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URL: Uniform Resource Locator
http://user:password@tryhackme.com:80/view-room?id=1#task3
1. Scheme: this instructs on what protocol to use for accessing the resource such as http https ftp (http://)
2. User: Some services require authentication to log in, you can put a username and password into the URL to log in (user:password@)
3. Host: The domain name or IP address of the server you wish to access (tryhackme.com)
4. Port: The Port that you are going to connect to, usually 80 for http and 443 for https, but this can be hosted on any port between 1 and 65535 (:80)
5. Path: The file name or location of the resource you are trying to access. (/view-room)
6. Query String: Extra bits of information that can be sent to the requested path. example: /blog?id=1 would tell the blog path that you wish to receive the blog article with the id of 1. in this case it's => (?id=1)
7. Fragment: This is a reference to a location on the actual page requested. This is commonly used for pages with long content and can have a certain part of the page directly linked to it, so it is viewable to the user as soon as they access the page. (#task3)
https://static-labs.tryhackme.cloud/sites/howhttpworks/newurl.png
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Making a Request: "GET / HTTP/1.1"
* GET : The Request Method.
* / : The Page Being Requested.
* HTTP/1.1 : The HTTP Protocol Version.
=>this is a very simple request<=
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for much richer web experience:
Example Request:
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1.GET / HTTP/1.1
2.Host: tryhackme.com
3.User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 Firefox/87.0
4.Referer: https://tryhackme.com/
5.
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- Line 1: This request is sending the GET method, request the home page with / and telling the web server we are using http protocol version 1.1
- Line 2: Telling the web server we want this specific website.
- Line 3: Telling the web server we are using the firefox browser version 87
- Line 4: Telling the web server that the web page that referred us to this one is https://tryhackme.com/
- Line 5: HTTP requests always end with a blank line to inform the web server that the request has finished.
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Example Response:
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1.HTTP/1.1 200 OK
2.Server: nginx/1.15.8
3.Date: Fri, 09 Apr 2021 13:34:03 GMT
4.Content-Type: text/html
5.Content-Length: 98
6.
7.<html>
8.<head>
9. <title>TryHackMe</title>
10.</head>
11.<body>
12. Welcome To TryHackMe.com
13.</body>
14.</html>
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- Line 1: HTTP 1.1 is the version of the HTTP protocol the server is using and then followed by the HTTP Status Code in this case "200 Ok" which tells us the request has completed successfully.
- Line 2: This tells us the web server software and version number.
- Line 3: The current date, time, and timezone of the web server.
- Line 4: The Content-Type header tells the client what sort of information is going to be sent, such as HTML, images, videos, pdf , xml ... etc.
- Line 5: Content-Length tells the client how long the response is, this way we can confirm no data is missing.
- Line 6: HTTP response contains a blank line to confirm the end of the HTTP response.
- Line 7-14: The information that has been requested, in this instance the homepage.
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